Bhāskaracharja II      


In the history of Indian mathematics and astronomy, the name of the Second Bhāskarāchārya is inscribed in gold letters. He was the crown prince of solar science. With his death, the glory of India was greatly diminished.


 The Second Bhāskarāchārya was born in 1114 AD in a place called Bijurbid (now Bijapur) in Karnataka near the Paschimghāt hills. His father was Maheshwar Upādhyaya. All this information about him is known from a copper plate. This plaque is found in a place called Chālis Gaon, seventy miles from Nasik. This was discovered by Vaudaji. The father of the second Bhāskarāchārya was also a great man. One of his outstanding daughters was Līlāvatī.


His contributions -
There are two books of Bhāskarāchārya - 1. Siddhantashiromani and 2. Karanakutuhal. At the age of 36 he wrote Siddhanta Shiromani and at the age of 69 (in 1183) he wrote another book called Karankautuhal.
1. Siddhantashi Shiromani - Siddhantashi Shiromani, a famous book of astrology written by the second Bhāskarāchārya. Based on this book he wrote an annotation called 'Desire'. No one was able to compose such a basic text on Astrology and Mathematics even after his death. So he can be called the latest basic researcher in mathematics. He was the first to independently invent the Panchat Mathematical (Calculus) method.
Classification of decision headings-
This book has four chapters. Namely -1. Līlāvatī,2. Bījagoṇita(Algebra) 3. Granthagoṇita and 4.Gola (Round).
 
 1. Līlāvatī -
The chapter on arithmetic is named after the book's daughter Līlāvatī . Many people say that Līlāvatī  wrote this chapter.  Līlāvatī acquired the same education as her father in her father's house when she was divorced without the knowledge of marriage. From his explanation, it is known that "the meaning of the word Pāti" is the order or method and mathematical classical addition, subtraction, multiplication, division etc. are discussed, so this classical is called arithmetic. In the chapter Līlāvatī discusses arithmetic, algebra and geometry. They are an invaluable resource of limited scripture.
 
Arithmetic - Mathematics continues to improve with the advancement of astronomy. Bhāskarāchārya's  Siddhantashi Shiromani and  Līlāvatī  discuss various important aspects of Indian mathematics. There is mention and discussion of words like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division etc.  Līlāvatī mentions 2 / 10-11 different decimal values. There are some examples of queries in the Q&A system.
2. Bījagoṇita (Algebra) - When he first discussed algebra he said what happens if a sum is divided by zero? He has mentioned that multiplying a negative amount by a negative amount will give a positive result.
3. Granthagoṇita-Here he discusses the motion of the planets.
4. Gola(Round)- This Chapter’s discusses the Earth's roundness and gravitational force. Here he uses the intercalary method to determine the longitude of the moon.
 
Geometry and Dimensions -
 Bhāskarāchārya has also made significant contributions in the field of geometry and dimensionality. He determined the value of pi with the help of right triangles and fine polygons - 3.141666. He imagined a polygon of 364 arms without the use of instruments. He was the one who determined the volume and volume of the surface of the sphere.
Astronomy -
 Bhāskarāchārya also has significant contributions in astronomy. He was the one who measured the motion of the planet using the principle of differential calculus. He also measured the instantaneous motion of the planet. Moreover, he divides time into finer measurements.
Trigonometry -
He has played a significant role in creating the table of trigonometry. He mentions the method of finding the sine cosine at 1 degree intervals.
Physics - He discusses the surface religion of liquids.
 


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