In Indian literature we mean the elements of ancient history, the genealogy of the Purānas, the Panegyrics writings, coins, other archaeological materials and some valuable texts. Numerous valuable inscriptions on the political, social and religious history of India from the pre-Christian century to the early period can be gleaned from various inscriptions, copperplate's and land donation letters written in Prakrit and Sanskrit. Above all, historical events and direct history books written in Sanskrit and Prakrit languages are accurate historical poems.Such as -Vānabhatta-Harṣacharita, Padmagupta's 'Navasāhasankacharita', Kalhan's 'Rājatārangīni', Vilhan's 'Vikramaṁkadeva Charita' etc.
These Historical works are the subject of our discussion today -
Harṣacharita- The first most notable book written in historical background is the Harṣacharita by the great poet Banabhatta. Harṣacharita Kavya is undoubtedly a major component of knowing the period of Maharaja Harṣavardhana and his reign. The poet discusses the historical events like the death of the poet Prabhākar Vardhan, the ascension of the kingdom of Vardhan, the abduction of Rajshree, the death of Rajvardhan in the conspiracy of Gaurisar, the battle journey of Harsh, the rescue of Rājashree etc. in this book. Poet. Vāñabhatta is the only historical figure in the entire Sanskrit literature. Yet in the background of history this book is somewhat established in the seat of historical poetry.
Gaurbaha - This is another notable historical Kāvya of Gaurbaha of Vākpatirāja. The poem is written in the original language of Maharashtra and contains 1209 verses. Kaunaj Rāj Yashovarmā was the patron of the poet. The story of the defeat of Gaureshwar by Yashovarmā is the main theme of this poem. The book was written in the first half of the eighth century. The image of political unrest at that time is reflected in the poem. Here the poet has recorded himself somewhere.
Navasāhasāṁkacharita- Another notable historical poem written in the background of Padma Gupta's Navasāhasāṁkacharita history. Another name for this Munj is Navasahsanka. The book was written in 1005 AD during the reign of Dharadhi Pati Nabasahsanka. The subject matter of this poem is the story of marriage and love story with Shashi Prabha Navasahsanka, daughter of Shishupala Nag, with Sindhu Raj through various events. The poem is composed in the eighteenth canto. Some information about the period of Navasahsanka reign is available from this poem. The book has gained special respect in the scholarly community in Hawaii with its poetic quality.
Vikramaṁkadevacharita - Vilhan's "Vikramaṁkadevacharita" written in the eleventh century AD is based on a historical event. This book is divided into eighteen cantos. The poet was probably a Kashmiri. Chalukya Raj VI Vikramaditya is the main character of this poem. Here the description of the Chalukya dynasty, the conquest of Vikramaditya, the fall of the throne of the second Somesvara, the battle of Vikramaditya with the Cholas, many historical events are the main preoccupations of poetry but Vilhan has more poetic power than historical.
Rājatārangīni - The Rājatārangīni of Kalhan, written in 1139 AD, is one of the most admired historical poems. Kalhan was the minister of King Sriharsha of Kashmir. Encouraged by the patronage of light, Kalhan wrote the book with a definite plan to write a history of Kashmir. Therefore, in Rājatārangīni, the poet's impartial judgment, analytical ability and historical information have been associated with the poet's narrative craft. "Rājatārangīni" has gained the status of the best historical poem as it has imparted information impartially by collecting material from Neelmat Purana, Kshemendra's "Nrapabali", Padmamihir's composition, inscriptions, prasasti, genealogy, folk tales etc. Almost all the known information about Kashmir has been presented in this book.
Apart from this, there are some poems written by Sandhyākar Nandi like "Ramcharit", Jaināchārja Hemchandrā's "Kumārpālcharita", Someswar Dutta's "Kirtikaumudi", Rāmbhadrāmvāra "Raghunāthābhyudaya"etc. These poems have also enriched the repertoire of Sanskrit historical Kavya.
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