There is no end to the controversy among scholars about the origin of mathematics. Many say that the origin of mathematics is Egypt or Babylon or India. The seeds of the practice of mathematics in India have been mentioned in Vedic literature. The sages of Vedic literature felt the need for subtle knowledge of geometry and mathematics while performing Yajna. The construction of various types of Yajna altars, circles, semicircles, triangles, quadrangles, etc., by measuring the land for the Yajna rituals, has been discussed in the Shulba Sutras.
In a verse of vedanga astrology, the predominance of mathematics has been recognized. The Rig Veda mentions various numbers from one to ten and multiples of ten.The Yajurveda also contains detailed discussions about numbers. There is mention of counting numbers from one to fifteen. Later, in Aryabhata's first 'Aryabhatti', Sridharacharya's 'Trishatika' and Bhaskaracharya's 'Lilavati' are mentioned in different aspects of mathematics. In one of the verses of the Vayupurana, Shiva tells Brahma about the discovery of the method of visual numbers.
There is disagreement among scholars as to where the numerical system first originated. However, there is no disagreement about the origin of the number writing system long before the invention of the script. Inscriptions found in Mohenjodaro and Harappa, Uktkun inscriptions, etc. suggest that the Indians knew the numerology system around 2000 BC.
Arithmetic(PATĪGONITA)
The word "patti" means the addition of subtraction, subtraction, etc. Another meaning of the word 'patti' is blade. Ancient Indian astronomers solved the problems of astronomy by drawing on the blade. Astronomers such as Brahma Gupta and Bhaskaracharya have termed this method as Dhulikarma.
Methods Mathematics has been written in the last way since the time of the first Aryabhata. Indian arithmetic is rich in discussions of twenty cycles and four uses. These twenty cycles include - compiled, subtracted, multiplied, divided, square, square root, cube, cube root, five races, triad, bystrarashi, pancharashi, saptarashi, navarashi, eleventh zodiac sign, gandha, pratibandha etc. And the four uses are - mixed, class field, chitirashi and shadow.
Algebra
The practice of algebra in India dates back to the era of Brahmanical literature, i.e., around 2000 BC. There are various theories of algebra also contained in the customs formula. Brahmagupta used the word kuntak mathematics instead of algebra. Which means crushing or analysis. Many call it unspoken mathematics. The term algebra was first used by Prithudrik Swami.
In algebra, two positive numbers or two negative numbers are added. When one is negative and the other is negative, their hearts are subtracted.
Regarding the law of multiplication, Brahmagupta says that the product of negative and negative receipts is negative. This decision of Brahmagupta can be expressed in the language of modern algebra as follows-
Ax(-B)=-AB
A x B=AB
-A x -B=AB
Geometry
Among the various branches of mathematics, the Aryan sages have discussed a lot about geometry. So the branch of mathematics that attracted attention in ancient India was geometry. There is ample evidence of the origin of algebra in the Vedic age and the geometry that is embedded in the drawing style. The names of Bodhayana Shulba Sutra, Katyayan Shulba Sutra etc. deserve special mention in this regard.
The acceptable decision for the division of different geometric images is found in the Sulbh formulas. For example, there is a detailed description of the addition, subtraction, transformation, drawing, etc. of geometric fields such as dividing a straight line of a certain length into equal parts, drawing a straight line at right angles to a straight line, constructing a square with a given object, turning a square into a circle.
Its main purpose was to shed light on the complete practice of various branches of mathematics in ancient Sanskrit literature. After discussing all the issues, it can be said with certainty that the practice of mathematics was prevalent in the land of India at a time when Egypt, Babylon, etc. were not seen by the people of civilization. The seeds of mathematics that were sown in the Vedic literature were later flooded in India.It has become a huge tree in the world of science, nurtured by the ideas of Eastern and Western scholars.
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